Cinclidae - 河乌科 - カワガラス科

1. General names

Chinese: The dippers are called 河乌 hé-wū ('river crows') in Chinese.

Japanese: The Japanese name for the 'dipper' (or more properly, the 'brown dipper') is カワガラス kawa-garasu ('river crow'), written either 河烏 or 川烏. (Note: The word kawa, meaning 'river', can be written either 河 or 川 in Japanese, the first being used for larger rivers. In Chinese, these characters represent two distinct words. Of the two characters, only 河 means 'river' in Chinese).

Vietnamese: The Vietnamese name for the 'brown dipper' is Lội suối, meaning 'stream wader'. An ordinary English-Vietnamese dictionary gives Chim hét nước ('water thrush') as the Vietnamese word for 'dipper'.

2. Species names

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SCIENTIFIC & ENGLISH		CHINESE			JAPANESE		VIETNAMESE
Latin	English	Chinese (Mainland)	Chinese (Taiwan)	Other Ch	Japanese common	Other J	Vietnamese common	Other V
Cinclus cinclus	White-throated dipper Dipper (Cheng)	河乌 hé-wū 'river crow' (ZGM, Cheng, ZGMCh, ChengW, M&P, Atlas, Viney) 普通河乌 pǔtōng hé-wū 'common river crow' (alternative in ChengW)			ムナジロカワガラス (胸白川烏 or 胸白河烏) muna-jiro kawa-garasu 'white-breasted river crow'
Cinclus pallasii	Brown dipper	褐河乌 hè hé-wū 'brown river crow'	河烏 hé-wū 'river crow'	水黑老婆 shuǐ hēi lǎopó 'water black wife'	カワガラス (川烏 or 河烏) kawa-garasu 'river crow'	サワガラス (沢烏) sawa-garasu 'marsh crow' クロトリ (黒鳥) kuro-dori 'black bird' Also used for Black scoter	Lội suối 'stream wader'	Chim hét nước 'water thrush' (from a bilingual dictionary)

3. Notes

The distribution of Cinclidae in East Asia can be found at Tzung-Su Ding's Distribution of CINCLIDAE in East Asia.

Chinese:

The unmodified form 河乌 hé-wū refers to the 'brown dipper' in Taiwan and the 'dipper' on the Mainland. Taiwan has only the Brown dipper, which it refers to as the 河烏 hé-wū. Mainland China has two species: the Dipper of western China and the Brown dipper that is found throughout the east. Mainland ornithologists accommodate this by following the English naming.